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Ammonia is a clear gas which has a distinct odor. Ammonia is lighter than air and can easily dissolve in water. It is a compound which is composed of one nitrogen (N) molecule and 3 hydrogen (H) molecules. Ammonia has a boiling point of -33.35 degrees Celsius and a freezing point of -77.7.It is also used in some metallurgy processes like the nitriding of alloy sheets to harden the surfaces of them. Ammonia is mainly used in household cleaning products and it is also used for industrial and agricultural purposes like fertilizing farm crops and plants. Synthesized ammonia was discovered by German chemists by the name of Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch. Haber won a noble prize in 1918 for the creation of his synthesized ammonia. Pure ammonia was first prepared by an English scientist named Joseph Priestley in 1774 and its exact composition was discovered by a french chemist in 1785 called Claude-Louis Berthollet. Synthesized ammonia was created by a process Haber made known as The Haber-Bosch Process. The Haber-Bosch Process was a process which converted nitrogen gas into the air which is then converted into ammonia. Ammonia has helped many people around the world and still does. Because ammonia is a good fertilizer it helps increase the amount of harvests each year and will do so for years to come. Ammonia also creates a liquid called Hydra-zine which is used as rocket fuel. Hydra-zine is made by the reduction of ammonia with H2. As well as helping with the growth of food, Ammonia has a bad side to it. It is also a primary ingredient in the explosive Trinitrotoluene, which Germany used in WW1. Ammonia can also be deadly if it comes in contact with a persons skin.
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To the left is a picture of Fritz Haber.
Below is a diagram of The Haber-Bosch Process